Electronic Style Guides

Citations give credit to the author as well as enable another researcher to locate the cited item. If you are unclear about what should be cited. see the examples in Earle Babbie's article on plagiarism. Although there is no definitive standard for citing internet and electronic information, the following online guides show examples. There are also examples and rules for citing printed materials. For more comprehensive guides, consult the print style manuals (PDF) in the UI Library.

General

• Citing Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism: Duke University Library guide outlining key elements needed when citing commonly used resources. Based on several different citation formats.
• Citation Machine: Allows you to enter author, title, publication year, etc. and returns a complete citation in both APA and MLA format.
• Learning Page: Citing Electronic Sources: Examples in both Turabian and MLA styles of citing materials accessed online including films, maps, recorded sound, photographs, and drawings. From the Library of Congress.
• ONLINE! Citation Styles: Covers MLA, APA, Chicago, and CGE styles of citing online sources.
• Research and Documentation Online: Diana Hacker's guide covering citation of both print and electronic sources using APA, MLA, Chicago, or CBE. Includes sample paper in each style.
• Suggested Citation Styles for Internet Information: Suggestions from Census Bureau for citing HTML, ASCII, PDF, dynamically generated tables/files, FTP, and E-mail.
• Citing Government Documents: Examples of government document citations using common styles. From Penn State University Libraries.

APA

• APA Electronic Reference Formats: Up-to-date, brief guide from the American Psychological Association.
• APA Formatting: Based on Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5^th ed.). From the On-Line Writing Lab, Purdue University.
• APA In-Text (Parenthetical) Documentation: General guidelines for in-text citations that cover the use of authors' names, placement of in-text citations, and treatment of nonrecoverable and electronic sources. From St. Cloud State University.
• APA Style Guide: Includes citation of electronic information, based on Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (5^th ed.). From University of Southern Mississippi Libraries.

MLA

• MLA Formatting: Based on The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (6^th ed.). From the On-Line Writing Lab, Purdue University.
• Citing Online Full-text Electronic Articles (PDF): Guide created by Diane Prorak, University of Idaho Library.
• MLA Citation Style: Examples of citations from the University of Long Island's B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library.

Turabian

• Turabian Documentation Guide: Basic introduction to citation style based on the 6th edition of Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.

Chicago

• Chicago Manual of Style Citation Guide: Guide based on The Chicago Manual of Style 15th ed. From Ohio State University  Libraries.
• Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation

CSE

• CSE Citation Guide: Guide compiled by Ohio State University Libraries..

ASA (American Sociological Association)

• ASA Style: This guide to ASA style from the E.H. Butler Library at Buffalo State University is intended to aid students who are directed by their instructors to use "ASA style" when writing research papers.